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Selection and calculation of hydraulic classifier
Commonly used hydraulic classifiers mainly include conical hydraulic classifiers, hydraulic separators and trough water classifiers.
1. Conical hydraulic classifier (sediment bucket)
The splitting bucket is widely used in the tungsten- tin ore dressing plant. Its main function is to de-sludge the material before grading to improve the grading efficiency; concentrate and dehydrate the material before re-grinding to increase the concentration of the mill feed; The dewatering and storage are carried out before the slime is selected to control the concentration and the ore concentration of the ore. The upper limit of the ore concentration is generally 2 mm.
The split mud bucket is divided into two types: ore type and slime type according to different separation granularities. The ore type is used to separate materials with a particle size of 0.15 mm or more; the slime type is used to separate materials with a particle size of 0.15 mm or less. The device has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and does not consume power. However, the classification efficiency is low, the configuration height difference is large, and the processing amount is small. The YF-type cone hydraulic classifier has a rotating impeller attached to the vertical shaft, which is driven by the motor. It is easy to operate and can control the overflow granularity and improve the classification effect.
Cone hydraulic classifier calculation:
(1) As a conical hydraulic classifier for dewatering equipment , the required dewatering area is generally calculated according to the unit area. The treatment amount per unit area is related to the particle size of the treated material: when the material particle size is 1.5~0mm, the processing capacity per unit area is 48~52t/(m 2 ·d); when the material particle size is 0.074~0mm, the processing capacity per unit area is 4.5~ 6t / (m 2 · d).
(2) When used as a desliming device, calculate the required area as follows:
Where A - the required mud removal area, m 2 ;
q m - the overflow of the mud removal operation, m 3 /s;
K——the effective de-soil area coefficient is K=0.5~0.75, and the small-sized equipment takes a small value;
υ 0 —— The free settling velocity of the largest particles in the overflow, determined by the test data when the solid content in the m/s overflow is greater than 10%; when the solid content is less than 10%, the following formula is calculated:
Ï… 0 = 545(Ï-1)d 2 (1a)
Ï, d - the solid material density (t/m 3 ) and the maximum particle diameter (mm) in the overflow, respectively.
Second, the hydraulic separator
It is generally used for dewatering before grinding and mud removal of argillaceous ore. The grain size of the ore is 1~2mm, and the granularity of the grade is 0.05~0.074mm. The device processing capacity, reliable, but the separation efficiency is low, pumping slurry required, much current beneficiation plant applications.
The moisture separator can calculate the required area according to formula (1). When Ñ„5m hydraulic separator K=0.6; Ñ„12m, K=0.8.
Third, trough hydraulic classifier
Commonly used trough hydraulic classifiers include hydraulic classifying boxes and KP-4C hydraulic classifiers. It is mainly used for the classification operation before the shaker re-election, and meets the requirements of the shaker feed size, feed volume and concentration.
The hydraulic classification box is a free- falling classification device suitable for processing materials with a small particle size and a large fine mud content. The suitable grading particle size is 2~0.074mm, and the ore concentration is 18% `25%. When the material with high density and coarse grain size is treated, the water consumption is better than the interference-depositing hydraulic classifier, the discharge pipe is easy to block, and the classification effect is poor. When the graded particle size is less than 0.074 mm, the classification effect is also poor. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, no power and reliable operation, and is widely used in tungsten-tin ore dressing plants.
When selecting a hydraulic classification box, it should be noted that the number of chambers in the classification (usually connected in series of 4 to 8 classification boxes) is compatible with the number of material classification levels required by the process, and the number of shakers selected is also taken into account.
The KP-4C classifier is an interference-depositing hydraulic classifier with large processing capacity, low water consumption, high product concentration and high classification efficiency. The treatment volume is related to the ore size: the ore size is 1.4~0mm is 20t/h; the ore size is 0.3~0mm is 10t/h. The actual production operation conditions of KP-4C classifier are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Actual production and operation conditions of KP-4C hydraulic classifier
Processing capacity /
t·h -
Feeding size / mm
Feed concentration /%
Ascending water metering pressure / MPa
Overflow concentration /%
Ore concentration /%
Rising water volume / m 3 ·h -1
Drainage port/mm
One room
Second room
Three rooms
Four rooms
One room
Second room
Three rooms
Four rooms
One room
Second room
Three rooms
Four rooms
16~20
<1.5
20~25
0.2
3~6
25~35
20~30
20~25
20
10~15
8~10
4~5
4
28~30
26~28
twenty four
20
In the calculation of the above-mentioned hydraulic classification box and KP-4C hydraulic classifier, in addition to referring to the actual index of the similar concentrator, it can be calculated by formula (1), where K=0.7~0.8.