December 23, 2024

Phosphorus science and technology industry support must be strengthened

"According to the current consumption rate, China's phosphorus resources can only be used for another 30 years." Zhao Yufen, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, recently pointed out in an interview with this reporter that China's phosphorus resources are inefficient and wasteful. Phosphorus technology and industry should be developed as soon as possible. Incorporate the national strategic system.

The status quo is worrying

As of 2010, China’s proved reserves of phosphate rock resources were 16.8 billion tons, of which 3.7 billion tons were economically exploitable. The two countries accounted for only 5.8% and 6.2% of the world total. They are mainly distributed in Yunnan and other provinces and have poor mines. Mostly.

Concomitant with the "poor phosphorus", China still has the problems of "abandoning poverty through mining" in the mining sector, "excellent mining and poor use" in the processing links, and inefficient use of the link and unbalanced structure of the phosphorus chemical industry, resulting in phosphate rock utilization. low.

According to the current annual consumption of phosphate rock resources exceeding 130 million tons, China's economically exploitable phosphate rock resources are difficult to maintain for 30 years, and food security will face major threats.

Recycling is a great possibility

On the other hand, in developed countries such as the United States, they not only do not mine their own phosphate mines, but also import them from abroad. In terms of processing and recycling of the phosphorus industry, they have entered the regulatory and legal management level.

China's annual intake of phosphorus through farmland, urban wastewater, etc. reaches 1.13 million tons. In the aspect of phosphorus fertilizer application with the most phosphorus consumption, the phosphorus element actually used in the current crop season accounts for only 10% to 25%.

The latest research results show that if one person has one kilogram of phosphorus in one year of excrement, if it can effectively recover the phosphorus released by China's 1.3 billion people, the quantity will be considerable. If we vigorously promote the use of slow-release fertilizers, low-level phosphate fertilizers, compound fertilizers, and organic fertilizers, and in accordance with the concept of circular economy, stepping up efforts to formulate a new strategy for the development of the recycling economy of China's phosphorus resources industry will effectively alleviate the possible "phosphorus crisis."

Should be included in the national strategic system

Phosphorus industry is often integrated with other industries and it is not easy to separate and single development.

In order to salvage, protect and recycle China's limited phosphorus resources and promote the orderly development of phosphorus technology and industry, Zhao Yufen and related scholars started to study and summarized some key issues facing the development of China's phosphorus science and technology in light of the current situation in China. The following suggestions:

The first is to integrate phosphorus science and technology and industrial development into the national "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" strategy system, giving more preferential supporting policies than the strategic emerging industries. For example, priority can be given to the adjustment of the industrial structure of phosphate fertilizers, the control of total volume and varieties, and through the reduction and exemption of preferential policies such as resource taxes, value-added taxes, and sales subsidies, vigorously support the use of low-grade phosphorous ore and agricultural waste as raw materials. Production and use of slow-release fertilizers and organic fertilizers, as well as measures such as the development and application of new technologies and new products that mainly support soil phosphorus release and recovery of phosphorus resources, ensure the rational development and recycling of phosphorus resources.

Second, vigorously support the development of high-efficiency, low-toxic organophosphorus pesticides, increase industrial support for the independent innovation of organophosphorus pesticides, and promote the clean production of old varieties and key intermediates of low-toxic organophosphorus pesticides.

The third is to increase the research and development of the basic theory, key technologies, and key products of phosphorus, and especially support the industrialization and promotion of new products with independent intellectual property rights and market competitiveness, such as new phosphorus-containing drugs, food additives, and organophosphorus flame retardants. Apply and strengthen the formulation and implementation of quality and safety standards.

The fourth is to set up a special project of “Research and Industrialization Demonstration of Rational Development and Efficient Use of Phosphorus Resources System Project” and set up a “National Phosphorus Resources Rational Use Steering Committee” expert group to specifically promote research on phosphorus resources.

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