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Recently, the thousands of residents of the Tinglan community in the Suzhou Industrial Park are in a happy mood. The problems that have plagued them for many years will be solved soon. In Nanjing, more than 10,000 teachers and students from the Nanlin Normal University Xianlin Campus are also very excited. No need to carry a big bag and change the car to the station.
Their good mood is due to an innovative move - custom bus.
From June 30th, 2014, the first custom bus No. 181 of Suzhou Industrial Park officially opened. The starting point is Xingtang Bus Center. The terminal station is Xinglin First and Last Station, passing through Dongshahu School, Changyang Street, etc. 18 platforms, about 10 kilometers one-way, take 30 minutes.
“The location of the Tinglan community where the starting station is located is remote, and the existing two bus lines 158 and 205 all take the main roads of the urban areas, do not pass through schools, hospitals, and other living areas, and they have a long waiting time. This is a matter of everyday schooling. For parents of children and transfer, it is inconvenient.†Wang Xiuying, director of the neighborhood committee, told the reporter that under the strong reflection of residents, the Dongsha Lake Community Working Committee where the Tinglan community is located had coordinated communication with the park bus company and decided to “tailorize†181 Road micro bus.
Nanjing Xianlin University City has also faced traffic problems before. Every winter and summer vacations, college students rushed to train stations and bus stations. There is no direct bus, they have to fight or simply ride the black car. The Southern Normal University Xianlin Campus is located at the western end of the University City. All public transportation lines stop at the stop. It is particularly difficult for buses to sit. Earlier this year, South Normal University contacted Jiangnan Bus Company and hoped to customize bus lines. Song Aiguo, deputy general manager of Nanjing Jiangnan Bus Company, told reporters that the first batch of 4 custom bus lines in Nanjing were all in Xianlin University City, and they were respectively transferred from Nanjing Normal University Xianlin Campus to Nanjing Railway Station, Coach Station, Nanjing South Railway Station, and South The Normal University campus will be opened before the summer vacation.
Custom bus is also called “micro busâ€, which is a new type of public transportation service tailored by the bus group based on the needs and passenger flow conditions for the same trip destination, travel time and destination. Compared with regular buses, it has the advantages of starting a site, directing a destination, etc. Compared with a taxi, it has advantages in terms of price and capacity. At present, domestic cities such as Qingdao, Harbin, Jinan and other cities have introduced customized bus services, Beijing has opened 59 lines, and custom buses in Tianjin, Xiamen and Dalian will also be opened soon.
Like the Tinglan community and Xianlin University Town, there are many regional groups that are subject to the original bus route planning. For the many cities that advocate the “bus priority†transportation concept, whether or not the customized bus can be used to open up the public’s travel “finally†One kilometer breakthrough?
“This is an innovative attempt by public transportation to help solve some of the peak travel problems for community residents. However, it is still not suitable for comprehensive promotion.†Jiang Zhuoqun, manager of the bus operations information department at Suzhou Industrial Park, frankly stated that the reason is simple: losing money. According to simulation calculations, the bus No. 181 has a total of 6 cars and 6 classes, and the daily operating cost is about 7,000 yuan. However, it is estimated that the daily income is only 1,000 yuan. The loss is currently paid by the government. “If every community in similar situations comes to customize the bus, it will be a huge long-term investment.â€
The custom bus service at Xianlin University City came late. The high cost is also an important reason. “Every morning, passengers are sent from A to B, and from B to A at night, one-way passenger flow leads to a back-and-forth empty. The utilization rate is not high.†A person in charge of Jiangnan Bus told the reporter that Beijing Public Transport Group has opened 6 Custom lines, single ride prices ranging from 8 yuan to 23 yuan, including Changping City to Zhongguancun [-0.20% Fund Research Report] line a month 22 working days of the price of 352 yuan. "This price will definitely not work in Nanjing. We combine the characteristics of the student population, and ultimately decided to customize the bus fare as the existing bus, coin 2 yuan, credit card 1.6 yuan."
Customizing public transport, how to balance options between public welfare and efficiency? In an interview, the reporter learned that a Shanghai company had tried custom water bus business, and the vehicle’s one-day rental fee was 1,000 yuan, with a total of 45 passengers and a one-way ticket of 5 yuan. , a round-trip ticket fare plus advance membership fees, a total of 900 yuan.
The fares are too high to attract passengers; if the fares are too low, they may cause losses. Jin Yong, an expert from the Research Department of the China Transportation Association, said that the key point for the future development of customized buses is to take the road of marketization or to take the public welfare path under the guidance of the government. If the government subsidizes its operating losses, it will face controversy because it means that public financial resources will be used to subsidize a small group of specific people. However, if a custom bus is profitable through high-priced, market-based operations, whether the profits generated can be used to subsidize ordinary public transportation systems is also a problem. He believes that many issues need to be resolved step by step in practice. It is not appropriate to blindly promote the custom bus model.
“Innovation based on passenger demand, community buses, micro-circulation buses, and transit buses are among the nodes that are suitable for the development of some big cities. It is worth encouraging and trying.†Jiang Zhuoqun said that in practical operations, vehicles will be explored for diversification. Reducing idle costs, such as allowing custom buses to run some city tour routes during non-mission hours.
Experts from the Urban Planning and Design Institute of Nanjing Municipality stated that Nanjing is currently using the price lever to “keep its weight†to give priority to public transport. Custom bus lines can meet the diverse travel needs of citizens and help to further ease traffic congestion and improve urban air quality. In general, more consideration should be given to its public welfare. You may wish to refer to the “business chartered†model of large units and large enterprises. Pilots should reasonably share operating costs by enterprises, organizations, governments, and individuals, find a break-even point, and try to introduce private capital.