The term "high speed cutting" is very popular in the metal processing industry. Whether it is a machinery manufacturer, a cutting tool manufacturer, or a manufacturer engaged in metal processing are all keen to discuss. The so-called high-speed cutting, in a broad sense, is an endmill for high-speed rotation, and the machine tool performs cutting or machining with a high-speed feed, and its definition is different in different fields or applications of different industries. High-speed cutting does not necessarily mean high production or high production, but it is certain that this will help increase production volume and related quality. figure 1 For high-hardness metals, discharge machining is one of the most effective machining methods, but the time required for electric discharge machining is long, and the control of the accuracy of the finished product and the smoothness of the surface is not easy, and surface or local material The nature of the material will be changed by the high temperatures (partially up to 8,000°C or more) generated during discharge. figure 2 1. Machines designed and manufactured by finite element analysis (Fig. 2) are more slender than traditional ones, but they have strong rigidity and can resist dynamic changes brought about by rapid movement during high-speed cutting and maintain the accuracy of displacement. image 3 11. The use of a shallow axial feed (ap) (figure 3) helps to reduce the load on the cutting edge and the amount of deformation of the cutting tool, but the efficiency can still be maintained; the feed per ap should not exceed the diameter of the cutting tool. 10% (rough cutting: 6~8%, medium cutting: 4~6%, finishing cutting: 3% or less; refer to the cutting guidelines or parameters recommended for the production of various cutting tools), but also the hardness of the material being processed and The amount of adjustment required for the precision required for processing. Magnetic Toys,Pot Gun Magnet,Rubber Gun Magnet,Gun Magnet Toys Sunny Fore Magnet Company Limited (Jiangmen Xinlike Magnet CO.,LTD) , https://www.magnet-xl.com
In the aviation industry in the 1930s, the number of non-ferrous metal parts (mainly aluminum alloys) has gradually increased. In about 1931, a German engineer "Carl Salomon" proposed that "high-speed cutting theory is used for machining at high cutting speeds (5-10 times the conventional cutting speed; for example, cemented carbide tools used to be used by traditional machine tools in the past. The maximum cutting speed is about 600 SFM [180m/min], while the feed rate is about 40IPM [1m/min]), reducing the temperature at which the chips escape from the edge...", in order to increase the material removal Speed, increase productivity to meet the needs. Because at that time the metallurgy, machine tools, controls, cutting tools, and other aspects of technology are not as developed today, so only in the initial stage of exploration. If the cutting speed is increased, only the diameter of the tool can be increased, and the number of cutting edges of the tool can be increased to replace the high feed. The effect is of course not ideal. Modern research still fails to fully confirm the practicality of the theory, but high-speed cutting can reduce the temperature at which the chips escape from the edge. Aluminum and non-ferrous metals have a significant effect on iron alloys and pig iron (Figure 1); Can help increase tool life. 
With the development of machinery manufacturing, electronic calculators, servo control systems and other technologies, the application of high-speed cutting has become increasingly mature. In addition to its application to non-ferrous metals, it was introduced into the processing of ferrous metals and other alloy metals during the 1990s, and is more prevalent in the mold manufacturing industry. Directly making complex 3D high-speed cutting of the mold can greatly reduce the processing time (except for deep holes or other special processing), and can obtain better results; high-speed machining of graphite electrodes will have a better return.
High-speed cutting is also suitable for machining composite components such as turbocharger impellers and blades. Currently, the basic criteria for high-speed cutting are generally applied to the processing of steel materials: the hardness of the processed material is Rockwell 50°C or more, the surface cutting speed is 300m/min or more, and the programmable feed rate is 25m/min or more. . From the point of view of research and practice, processing high-hardness steels with 4 to 6 times the conventional cutting speed has been a good performance and can balance the interests of all parties, such as users, machine tools, control systems, etc. manufacturer.
"High Speed ​​Cutting" Advantages and Benefits in Die Processing 
2. Molds with a processing volume not greater than 400 (length) x 400 (width) x 150 (high) are the most economical.
3. After heat treatment, steel with a hardness of 63°C can still be corrected by high-speed cutting.
4. The use of suitable high-speed cutting computer-aided design software and control systems enables high-speed cutting to be smoother and smoother.
5. The use of tool chucks (HSK type) and solid cemented carbide tools that have been corrected by dynamic balance will help reduce the vibrations caused by the spindle and cutting tool and maintain the smoothness of the work surface.
6. The use of an appropriate ratio to hold the end mill (the minimum length of the cutting tool in the tool holder is 2 times the diameter of the cutting tool) can increase its rigidity and reduce chatter; poor jacketing, or improper locking It will cause the tool to tilt. Heat-shrinkable cutter heads have strong rigidity and concentricity, which helps increase surface finish.
7. The working length of the cutting tool is preferably short, because the deflection is proportional to the length; under normal processing conditions, the cutting tool exposed to the length of the jacket at the diameter of 3 times the cutting tool diameter or less, will have better working results (Please Consider the actual machining conditions required and refer to the cutting guidelines or parameters for each cutting tool production recommendation).
8. When milling different hardness materials, the coating of the cutting tool also needs to be considered; for example, carbide cutting tools coated with TiN or TiCN are more suitable for milling alloy steels with a Rockwell hardness of 42 or less, such as those coated with TiAlN. Cutting tools are more suitable for milling alloy steels with a Rockwell hardness of 42 or more. Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride coated inserts are more suitable for cutting hard materials with Rockwell hardness of 60-65 (refer to the cutting instructions or parameters recommended for each cutting tool production).
9. The use of a rapid chip cutting tool (the ratio of the diameter to the chip flutes should be 1 to 1.5) will effectively prevent chips from accumulating on the work surface and create unnecessary hot areas.
10. It is better to use the effective working diameter (Deff) (Fig. 3) of the workpiece to calculate the rotation speed of the spindle during the machining of the cutting tool than the diameter of the cutting tool. After calculating the optimum rotation speed, the frequency of contact between the cutting edge and the workpiece must be taken into account to determine whether or not resonance occurs with the natural frequency (2000 Hz), causing the tool to generate unnecessary chatter and affecting the surface of the workpiece. 
12. Radial feed (ae; pitch - p) (Fig. 3) affects the smoothness of the workpiece surface; ae should be less than 35% of the effective cutting diameter (rough cutting: 25~30%, medium cutting: 15~ 20%, finish cutting: 10% or less; refer to the cutting guidelines or parameters recommended for each cutting tool production, but also make appropriate adjustments to the hardness of the material being processed and the precision required for processing.
13. The feeding will affect the life of the cutting tool and the finish of the workpiece surface; the feeding amount per blade is within the range of 0.2~0.02mm as much as possible, and the hardness of the material to be cut, the coating and the length of the cutting tool also need to be considered (please Refer to cutting instructions or parameters recommended for each tool production.
14. Use oil mist (compressed air is mixed with appropriate amount of low viscosity cutting fluid) to replace traditional water coolant and direct flushing; generally speaking, the higher viscosity of coolant does not necessarily take the chips away , And may stick chips on the cutting tools, hindering the cutting process.
15. High-speed cutting simulations in computer-aided manufacturing systems can help reduce unnecessary errors during high-speed cutting.
16. The user understands the importance of preheating the spindle before machining, but forgets the importance of cooling the spindle after machining. Although the general high-speed spindle has been equipped with cooling devices, in order to maintain or reduce the temperature generated by the spindle (mainly in the spindle). However, after a long time of work, the temperature of the peripheral part of the main shaft and its periphery also changes significantly; therefore, after the spindle stops working, the temperature difference between the two will increase, which will cause the moisture in the air to be on the surface of the spindle housing or the like. Condensation, final rust will occur on the surface of unprotected or less active parts, indirectly or directly affect the operation of the machine. Therefore, it is recommended that after the end of processing, the spindle should be moved to a safe position and run at medium and low speeds for 10 minutes each to reduce the degree of difference in temperature difference, thereby reducing the possibility of the above-mentioned situation.
High-speed cutting on the machine tool and data transmission requirements (* Minor requirements)
1. High rigidity base and need to absorb vibration
2. Spindle speed range: about 20,000 rpm (not less than 10,000 rpm)
3. Spindle power: about 22 kW
4. Programmable feed speed: 20~40m/min
5. Fast movement: about 40m/min
6. Coordinate acceleration or deceleration capacity: about 1g
7. Instruction statement processing time: 1~20ms
8. Ethernet data transmission speed: 250Kbits/s
9. Incremental value (linear): 5~2μm
10. Circular interpolation through NURBS
11. The main shaft should be high temperature and high stability - the spindle bearing has proper preloading and cooling
12. Variety of misunderstanding compensation: temperature (labor friction, mutual friction when the machine parts move), ball screw, etc.
13. Through spindle blow or high pressure coolant delivery system*
14. Numerical control system with advanced work pre-check function*
Cutting calculation example:
Suppose 2-edge spherical end mill diameter (Dc) = 8mm; radius c = 4mm
The axial feed (ap) is 8% of the cutter diameter
Ap = 8 x 0.08 = 0.64mm
The effective working diameter of the ball end mill is Deff = 2 x [42 - (4 - 0.640)2] 0.5 ≈ 4.34mm
Assume that the cutting speed of the material being cut is Vc = 300m/min
The spindle speed N = [Vc x 1000] / [Ï€ x Deff]
= [250 x 1000 / 3.1416 x 4.34]
≈18,500rpm
Assume that the feed per blade of the spherical end mill is Fz = 0.05mm; the number of blades Z = 2
So the machine's feed rate Vf = N x Fz x Z / 1000
= 18,500 x 0.05 x 2 / 1000
= 1.85m/min
Assume that the radial feed [ae] is 30% of the effective working diameter ae = 0.3 x 4.34 = 1.3mm
Removal volume Vr = Vf x ap x ae
= 185 x 0.064 x 0.1302
= 1.542cc/min [cm3/min]
This article is provided by Lifeng Precision Machine Tool Co., Ltd. Lifeng Precision Machine Tool Co., Ltd. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Li Feng (Group) Co., Ltd. The company is a renowned supplier of metal cutting machines and related accessories in China and Hong Kong. It has a well-established and experienced sales and maintenance network in Guangdong Province. With nearly 20 years of cooperation with internationally renowned machine tool and numerical control system specialists, Japan Otsuka Co., Ltd., the company mainly represented OKUMA brand machining centers and computer numerical control lathes. During the period, it sold more than 1,000 OKUMA machine tools.