Reflections: Preventive Maintenance of Provincial Highways

A trip inadvertently met Zou Zou at the Changbei Airport. He talked about the airport runway he was maintaining. It was always so dark and smooth. The plane was very smooth on the road and asked him what the secret was. Xiao Zou said with a smile: The secret is preventive maintenance. The airport runway is not like a highway and semi-closed or totally closed maintenance work is not possible at any time. In addition, for the smooth and safe running of a plane when it is taking off or landing, there must be no cracks, loose or loose aggregates, or sheds on the runway. If there is no preventive maintenance, there is no guarantee that the runway will always be in the best working condition.” He smiled and said to me: “Every time I drive on the road you are caring for, I see The road surface is a bit catastrophic: cracks, ruts, pits, some scattered stones, etc. This is inconceivable on the airport runway!” His remarks, in a word, elicited both the airport runway and the ordinary road maintenance requirements. Differently, it also shows the importance of preventive conservation in road maintenance. This also caused my thinking about the preventive maintenance of ordinary roads.

Change the concept of management and establish the concept of "cost of life cycle maintenance"

“Thinking and deciding on ideas” is to change the concept of road management first, establish a long-term mechanism for preventive maintenance on common highways, and strengthen the initiative, forward-looking, and serviceability of preventive maintenance work on common highways to further strengthen prevention. Sexual conservation work has been done to improve the efficiency of conservation work, reduce the cost of road maintenance, and realize the leap-forward development of highway maintenance.

The geographical environment through which the highway passes is complex, and it is impossible for a structural model to be able to adapt to all roads. Just as a prescription cannot cure all diseases, the concept of full-life-cycle cost should be used according to the specific circumstances to do a good job of preliminary survey and design work. When formulating highway reconstruction, major and medium-repair plans, and decision-making and design links, the concept of life-cycle cost should be established, and life-cycle cost and appropriate and appropriate solutions should be selected. Pay attention to quality management at the construction stage, strictly shut down the construction, ensure the delivery of qualified highway products, and lay a solid foundation for future conservation work.

The right medicine, the scientific choice of preventive maintenance strategy

The key to implementing pavement preventive maintenance strategies is to carry out maintenance operations on suitable roads at the appropriate time, applying applicable technologies. To complete these precise tasks, a large amount of preliminary work must be carried out to diagnose the road conditions, identify hidden diseases, and repair the hidden diseases prior to the road surface treatment. It must be based on the actual conditions of each road. Choose the right preventive maintenance technology.

It depends on science and technology. Normally, we must adopt advanced detection methods, regularly test the state of highway technology, strengthen the basic work such as road condition detection and assessment, regularly carry out surveys of highway technical conditions, and constantly improve and update the road conditions database to keep abreast of the use of highways. It is necessary to strengthen dynamic management and disease monitoring, scientifically analyze the development and change laws of highway technological conditions, propose scientific preventive conservation measures, and formulate preventive maintenance plans scientifically.

It is necessary to strengthen training and improve the quality of employees. It is necessary to strengthen personnel training, take various forms, conduct various trainings, form a strong atmosphere for learning preventive conservation knowledge, and implement preventive conservation measures, and consciously perform preventive maintenance work. At the same time, we must increase the application of new technologies for preventive maintenance, and actively learn from the application of new technologies, new techniques, and new equipment that are mature and preventative at home and abroad, and rely more on scientific and technological progress to improve the level of road maintenance, so as to comprehensively promote road prevention. Conservation of new technologies provides protection.

Take effective conservation measures. According to the characteristics of climate characteristics, water and temperature changes in different seasons, and according to the laws of seasonal diseases, and according to local conditions, effective preventive conservation measures should be taken. To highlight "early, strict, detailed, and diligent." "Early" means that in the early stage of a good structure or disease or damage, it is maintained, and the road disease or damage is not allowed to further develop or expand to a deeper level, and the disease is treated in the budding state; "strictly" means strictly according to the technical standards for maintenance. , norms to deal with, do not leave hidden dangers; "fine" is to pay attention to the details of the processing, to do a detailed work, to be meticulous; "diligent" is to adhere to the inspection system, often on the road inspection, leaving no dead ends, to find Problems are dealt with promptly.

Pay attention to process management and strictly control the quality of preventive maintenance projects.

In the implementation of preventive maintenance projects, it is the concept of life, quality and responsibility and quality and wealth. The premise of adopting preventive maintenance technology is to strengthen the daily road maintenance work, ensure the good use of the road surface, ensure the perfection of the road drainage system, discharge the water on the road in time, and prevent the water from invading the road.

Precautionary maintenance engineering should establish technical safety measures and civilized construction plans before construction. All construction must strictly implement safety operation regulations, carefully organize and implement preventive maintenance projects, ensure safe construction, civilized construction, and environmental protection construction, and strive for quality maintenance projects. .

When carrying out preventive maintenance projects, different preventive conservation measures can be selected based on the development of diseases. When carrying out road maintenance, we must not only choose the right time, place and technology, but also the quality of its construction, and it will soon be reflected. We must improve our quality and strengthen materials and machinery at every construction stage. The management of construction technology and construction plans takes different construction techniques and construction plans for different road conditions. The key to the early treatment of oil surface minor diseases is to grasp the early and fine details. The key to the treatment of cracks is the key control points such as the choice of jointing materials and construction methods. In short, the oil surface preventive maintenance should seize an early word.

The preventive maintenance techniques for cement pavement maintenance mainly include seam sealing, diamond grinding, and partial/full depth maintenance. Cost analysis is the key to cement road maintenance, especially when using high-cost technologies. We must weigh the advantages and disadvantages of repairs and reconstructions, whether to reconstruct or prevent the maintenance of cement pavement. Preventive maintenance project Xiaohe San, we must strictly follow the highway construction specification construction during construction, pay attention to testing, pay attention to the process, play a supervisory role, and improve the quality of preventive maintenance projects.

Adopting safeguard mechanisms to effectively promote preventive conservation work

Capital protection. To raise roads, funding is the key. Rehabilitation is the bottleneck of current conservation policies and funds. At the national level, attention has been paid to the maintenance and management of existing roads. The road department of our country should use money more wisely to implement the road maintenance policy. At present, every five years we welcome the inspection of the National Ministry of Transport, we must invest a lot of funds for highway repairs, which to a certain extent has indeed changed the face of the highway and improved the road conditions, assuming that these funds are divided into five, Every year, we arrange some preventive maintenance, overhaul, and mid-repair projects, strengthen inspections, assessments, summarization, and research, and we can certainly find a road maintenance policy with the lowest maintenance cost in the entire life cycle, which will surely improve the use efficiency of highway maintenance funds. Instead of waiting for this road to deteriorate to a certain extent, it will be overhauled. We must increase or extend its useful life. Preventive maintenance is currently the best choice, allowing limited conservation funds to exert higher benefits.

Technology and equipment support. We must vigorously improve the level of conservation technology and maintenance equipment. With the improvement of people’s living standards and quality of life, in our field operations and labor-intensive industries, labor shortages have shown signs of cleverness, and the impact will certainly be even greater in the future. We are still adopting traditional conservation techniques and have a lot of labor. We must now actively study advanced conservation techniques, increase the level of conservation equipment, and improve our ability to adapt to the situation. Otherwise, we will be eliminated by this industry.

Organization and personnel protection. In the form of conservation organizations, we must take the initiative to reform, absorb advanced organizational concepts, reform maintenance practices, and take a market-oriented approach in a single conservation-intensive, labor-intensive cleaning market, to liberate productivity, and concentrate on the development of highway emergency and service functions. , Actively cooperate with various types of enterprises in the highway industry, develop and improve the ability and level of serving the people, and give play to the benefits of roads.

Formulate conservation policy scientifically to ensure maximum capital efficiency

The highway system and mechanism are the top-level design, and the superiors must scientifically determine the institutional reform of the highway system under the new situation. This is related to the development of an industry system. In the final analysis, road maintenance must be reflected in the maintenance plan and funds. The higher authorities should be far-sighted, formulate medium and long-term maintenance plans, make overall plans, and make reasonable arrangements. According to the current conservation plan, daily maintenance funds account for about 30-45% of the total, and most of them are labor costs. Although the highway sector is still under the plan economy, it will definitely take the road of marketization. With the increase in the degree of mechanized conservation, it is definitely a decline in labor costs. These budgeted maintenance funds, together with the highways and medium- and large-scale repair plans issued by higher authorities in accordance with the medium and long-term maintenance plans, must focus on the medium and long-term plans, especially The initiative of the grass-roots units shall be used, the conservation goals and maintenance plans prepared at the grass-roots level shall be reported to the higher authorities for approval, and the annual amount of preventive conservation projects shall not exceed the average annual average of the five-year long-term conservation plans, so that grass-roots organizations will make independent arrangements to give full play to the role of the grass-roots units. Conservation funds and conservation methods can play a role at the earliest, and higher-level departments strengthen inspection and acceptance.

According to the effect of preventive maintenance and the ratio of input to output, we propose to arrange 15-20% annual maintenance plan for highway preventive maintenance. Provinces and cities mainly check and approve plans and programs, and they are arranged by grassroots sub-bureaus. The Bureau’s business department will make a preliminary review; a 20-30% annual maintenance plan will be arranged each year for the use of thin overlays and mills in road repairs to solve major road surface damage repairs, and the rest will be used to improve and restore pavement performance.

The above thinking is only a superficial understanding of county-level regional practice. The viewpoints and some of the ideas may be biased, and they are very satisfied with the role of embarking on the introduction.