Organic Waste Gas Treatment Technology Analysis and Prospect

Abstract: At present, the treatment of organic waste gas in exhaust gas is a difficult problem to be solved. This paper analyzes the basic content of organic waste gas treatment technology, focuses on several organic waste gas treatment technologies, comprehensive analysis of the future development of several new technologies to deal with organic waste gas, protection can effectively improve the level of waste gas treatment. CLC

A basic overview of organic waste gas treatment technology

Based on the composition of different exhaust gases, relevant operators have obtained many technologies suitable for organic waste gas treatment after years of analysis and research. The basic forms of organic waste gas removal include two technologies for organic waste gas treatment, which are concentrated recovery and elimination. First, concentrated recovery actually means that the use of adsorption, absorption, separation, condensation and other technologies to concentrate recovery in the use of low concentrations of organic waste gas. Second, decomposition and elimination are actually based on electricity, light, plasma, catalysts and other technologies to break down the plasma in order to be able to break down volatile organic compounds, low concentrations of carbon dioxide and water to form substances in order to achieve detoxification . The actual application of organic waste gas treatment technology, including thermal combustion, adsorption, catalytic combustion and other conventional treatment techniques, with the progress of science and technology and the gradual emergence of a variety of new technologies. Although there are diversified technologies for organic waste gas treatment at this stage, all treatment technologies have certain limitations and applicability. The composition of different organic waste gases can also lead to different treatment technologies.

2 several organic waste gas treatment technology

2.1 activated carbon adsorption method

Adsorption is generally concentrated on the solid surface of the gas or liquid, activated carbon has the basic role of adsorption. According to the adsorption mechanism and the choice of adsorbent material, adsorption methods include both physical and chemical adsorption. Chemical adsorption is mainly the use of hydrophobic keys to deal with organic pollutants, such as the use of phenolic resin as adsorbent organic waste gas treatment of dimethyl phthalate and other substances. Absorbent applied to remove water phase contaminants in practical applications has not been properly applied to the treatment of organic waste gas because the gas and adsorbent do not have enough contact time and can not fully respond to the actual design effect. The actual application of organic waste gas treatment are generally applied physical adsorption materials, such as zeolite, activated carbon and so on. This structure has a relatively large specific surface area, has a relatively strong physical adsorption capacity, to meet the basic needs. After a large number of practices, it can be found that the fibrous adsorbent possesses a higher mass transfer rate than the particulate adsorbent and the honeycomb adsorbent. Therefore, it is suitable for the application of the fibrous adsorbent when actually treating the organic exhaust gas. This method is suitable for use in the treatment of dissolved pollutants below 200 mg / m3, and has a more pronounced advantage over the alkaline environment. It is suitable for operation at ambient temperature. If there is an excessively high temperature, cooling should be used Equipment to reduce the temperature, to ensure the best state of activated carbon.

2.2 absorption method

Absorption method is actually liquid absorption method, the application of the main mechanism is full access to absorbent and exhaust gas, absorbent can absorb harmful substances in a timely manner, and then through the absorption process to remove organic waste gas in time, and timely access to absorbent, In order to be able to recycle the absorbent. At this stage, the principle of absorption to deal with the exhaust gas treatment plant spray equipment. Physical absorbers are generally based on the similarity between substances, such as methanol, acetone, ether and other absorbent water suitable for water-soluble case, but can not handle poor water-soluble substances, this time for the use of chemical Adsorption technology, the basic principle of this technology is mainly organic waste gas and adsorbent surface groups react, according to the current application of absorption method of the actual situation, we can find that the focus of the domestic research process of organic waste gas treatment with solvent Absorption of the treatment effect, water, surfactants and organic solvents are the main absorbent, you should also apply a new type of environmentally friendly absorbent.

2.3 catalytic oxidation combustion method

This treatment technology is suitable for use in non-reclaimed, toxic gases such as VOCs, which are the most effective way to treat oxidation of exhaust gas. The main principle of catalytic oxidation combustion is the oxidation reaction of oxygen and VOCs to form carbon dioxide and water. The oxidation reaction and the combustion process are similar, and eventually the carbon dioxide and water that do not pollute the air can be obtained. According to the catalytic oxidation and thermal oxidation method to operate, first, the thermal oxidation method is the heating temperature, guarantee the reaction with the lowest processing temperature. Second, the catalytic oxidation, this technique is actually without affecting the pressure and temperature on the basis of the reaction in a reasonable addition of different catalysts, such as Pd, Pt and other metal catalysts, oxidants and organic pollutants for oxidation reaction can be appropriate Reduce the temperature of the reaction. Catalytic oxidation combustion method has a very wide range of applications, involving catalytic reactions, environmental engineering, chemical engineering and other disciplines, but there are still some problems in the actual research, research and development of high performance, low cost catalyst in order to reduce costs and improve anti-drug ability , To extend life expectancy, research and development of functional, environmentally friendly and other equipment. Suitable for use in the 2000 ~ 6000mg / m3 concentration of pollutants in the treatment, if high, such as 180 ℃ when the time can also appear less than 2000mg / m3 concentration of pollutants. If sulfur is present in the exhaust gas, this is not suitable.

3 organic waste gas treatment technology development prospects

3.1 biofilm method

People use organic matter such as microorganisms from nature to treat waste. This is an excellent treatment technology. Biofilm technology has long history of treating organic wastewater. However, the technology of purifying organic waste gas and industrial production is in the development stage. At present, the technology of analyzing and studying biofilm technology to treat organic waste gas is still in the theoretical stage and can not be widely used in practice. However, the community has begun to attach great importance to this technology with good prospects and is also a hot topic of study . When biofilm technology is used to treat organic waste gas, it is common to use microorganisms to treat the contaminated gas in the packed bed on the surface of the porous media, so that most of the pollutants can be removed and the degradation reaction also occurs. Porous microorganisms can consume organic contaminants to a certain degree and degrade them to form neutral salts, carbon dioxide, water and other substances. This method has the advantages of less investment, lower cost, simple equipment and no secondary pollution. At present, different purification systems have been concentrated, such as biological scrubbers and biological filters. Suitable for use in the concentration of pollution, a small amount of clean gas, low metabolic rate, easy to tolerate the exhaust gas.

3.2 plasma decomposition method

This treatment technology is mainly based on the technology of decomposing organic waste gas in the chlorofluorocarbons according to the plasma decomposition technology and has been widely used in industrial production and can be decomposed in a short period of time without strictly requiring the scale of the equipment This technique can be applied to both small and large devices. Plasma decomposition technology, including running two subsystems, the first is based on high-frequency plasma plasma to rapid heating to ensure that in a short period of time the temperature rose to 10000 ℃, at this time can be decomposed in the ultra-high temperature environment System, water vapor and plasma chemistry is the basic principle of decomposition of organic waste gas. Second, in fact, based on the plasma subsystem can avoid the synthesis of two VA British exhaust quenching system, lower the temperature below 80 ° C

4 Conclusion

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