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Introduction to other hydrolysis methods
a. pressure hydrolysis pressure hydrolysis Americans Fladmark first proposed, plus the seed method is a form, not many examples in foreign countries for industrial production, China in the past most of the titanium white powder factories have adopted this There are still many small factories still in use.
The hydrolysis rate of the titanium solution mainly depends on the concentration of the titanium liquid, the F value and the temperature at the time of hydrolysis. To increase the hydrolysis rate, it is difficult to change the concentration of the titanium solution and the F value, which sometimes affects the properties of the hydrolyzate metatitanic acid. Eventually, the quality of the product is degraded. By increasing the pressure to increase the boiling point of the titanium liquid, the progress of the hydrolysis reaction can be accelerated. In addition, due to the increased operating pressure, the probability of intermolecular collisions during the hydrolysis reaction increases, and the hydrolysis reaction can be accelerated. Some data have been reported to be hydrolyzed at 80 ° C at 0.3 to 1.1 MPa, and the hydrolysis reaction can be completed at 100 ° C. It has been studied that at 0.9 MPa, the hydrolysis rate can reach 90% in 5 minutes.
The industrial pressurization operation is carried out in a closed reaction vessel, and an enamel reaction pot or a reaction tank lined with an acid-resistant porcelain plate can be used, and the heating method can be indirectly heated by an external jacket or an internal steam coil. During the operation, the seed crystal is added at 60 ° C, and then the reaction vessel is sealed, and the titanium liquid is boiled by indirect steam heating. The secondary steam generated by boiling rapidly raises the pressure in the reactor, and when the internal pressure reaches 0.2 MPa, the heating is stopped. Keep warm, hold pressure for 15~30min, then slowly release pressure, cool and discharge. The pressure hydrolysis operation has certain requirements on the temperature rise (boost) speed and the pressure holding time. Generally, when the seed crystal is added to the internal pressure of 0.2 MPa, it cannot exceed 40 minutes, otherwise the product particles are not uniform in thickness.
The method has the advantages of high hydrolysis rate, short operation period, fine titanic acid particles formed by hydrolysis, and good product color-reducing power. Since no dilution water is added during the hydrolysis process, the concentration of the waste acid is high, which is convenient for waste. Acid recovery. The disadvantages are that the equipment has high sealing and pressure resistance requirements, the equipment is difficult to be enlarged, the hydrolysis rate is not high, the titanic acid is filtered, and the washing time is long. At present, many large titanium dioxide factories in China have not used this method.
b. The compositional hydrolysis method or the constant concentration hydrolysis method has repeatedly mentioned the nature of the hydrated titanium oxide particles formed during the hydrolysis of the titanium liquid, depending on the hydrolysis, precipitation conditions such as the composition, concentration, and temperature of the titanium liquid upon hydrolysis. From the point of view of hydrolysis reaction equation, conventional hydrolysis upon hydrolysis, generates each 1molH 2 TiO 3, will release 1 mol of H 2 SO 4, so as hydrolysis of TiO 2 in the solution and H 2 SO 4 The concentration continuously changes, specifically, the hydrolysis rate is fast in the initial stage of the reaction, the precipitated hydrated titanium dioxide precipitated particles are finer, and the hydrolysis rate is slow in the late stage of the reaction, and the precipitated hydrated titanium dioxide precipitated particles are coarse, and the TiO 2 in the solution is also coarse. When the concentration is lowered and the concentration of H 2 SO 4 is increased, it is not difficult to understand that the properties of the hydrated titanium oxide formed in the initial stage and the end stage of hydrolysis are different. If the hydrolysis can be carried out without changing the composition of the titanium liquid, it is possible to obtain a hydrated titanium dioxide having a more uniform particle and a more stable performance, and Farup is a hydrolysis method with a constant composition under this premise.
The operation of the method is that when the hydrolysis of the titanium liquid is nearly completed, 4/5 of the hydrolyzed precipitate is removed, and then the remaining 1/5 of the hydrolyzed material is gradually added to the fresh titanium liquid of 4/5, and the speed of the addition is added. In order to keep the concentration of TiO 2 in the solution unchanged, the heating is stopped after the addition is completed, and then 4/5 is removed, and thus the operation is repeated to obtain a very uniform hydrolyzed product. Although the method has very uniform particles of the hydrolyzate, it is difficult to achieve industrial production due to such a cumbersome operation procedure.
Others include alkali neutralization, dilute solution hydrolysis, continuous hydrolysis, etc., but they are not industrialized and therefore will not be described.