Special process for handling fine mud

1 method for increasing the particle size of fine mud flotation

a. Selective flocculation flotation.

For example, high molecular compounds such as starch and 3# coagulant (polyacrylamide) may have some polar groups attached to the fine mud by electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding or other forces in their molecules. Because the molecules are very long and large, they can be connected between two fine mud particles, called "bridge" or "bridge", which combines many dispersed fine muds to form flocs. . If the added flocculant not only causes flocculation of the fine mud, but also the selectivity of their polar groups and the slime, the fine minerals 9 of the same mineral can be combined. While other fine muds remain dispersed, this effect is selective flocculation. Selective flocculation flotation beneficiation of iron ore has achieved good results. For example, China uses sodium humate as a selective flocculant to treat a certain subway ore. Since sodium humate only flocculates fine-grained hematite, it does not substantially flocculate with quartz and other gangue. Therefore, after this selective flocculation, and then deliming or reverse flotation to remove the gangue, the concentrate grade and recovery rate are significantly improved.

Flocs have two major classes of hydrophilic and hydrophobic. The selective flocculant used in the above treatment of hematite fine mud is a hydrophilic high polymer (polymer compound), and the obtained floc is hydrophilic and difficult to float, so it is necessary to remove mud or remove the vein by reverse flotation. stone. The floc can be floated as long as the polymeric flocculant does not affect the hydrophobic action of the subsequent addition of the collector . In the flotation process, the collector adsorbs on the surface of the fine particles to form a hydrophobic film. Due to the attraction between the hydrophobic groups, a "bridge" between the fine particles is formed, and the fine particles are flocculated. In addition, after a large amount of non-polar oil collector adheres to the surface of the slime, the flocculation of the hydrophobic agent is hydrophobic due to the molecular attraction of the molecules to agglomerate the slime.

It can be seen that the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the floc depend on the nature of the agent that causes the coagulation or flocculation.

b. Carrier flotation.

Carrier flotation is also called carrying flotation. By using the principle of agglomeration, even if the mineral particles are attached to the surface of the coarser and easy-to-float mineral, a dense cover is formed, and the coarse-grained and easily floating mineral is used as a carrier to float together with the bubble.

The method of carrier flotation treatment of fine mud is in the experimental research stage.

2 reduce bubbles and improve the flotation effect of fine mud

Micro-flotation is required for fine-grain flotation, and there are basically two types of processes for flotation of fine particles by micro-bubbles: vacuum flotation and electrolytic flotation.

a. Vacuum flotation.

It uses a vacuum method to supersaturate a gas dissolved in water to precipitate a gas from the liquid phase to form fine bubbles. In addition to the microbubbles, vacuum flotation has a strong selectivity for adhesion of bubbles to fine mud.

b. Electrolytic flotation.

It uses an applied electric field to electrolyze water in the flotation slurry, and to precipitate oxygen and hydrogen microbubbles as a carrier or auxiliary vehicle for flotation of fine-grained minerals.

In addition to the generation of microbubbles, the electrolysis gas itself is also a regulator. It is in an atomic state when it is precipitated from the surface of the electrode. Although the time is short, it has a certain influence on the surface action of the mineral and the flotation reagent, which can improve the selectivity.

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