The shock absorbers in your car or truck help to ensure a good grip on the roads and drastically reduce the impact of road shocks.
The shock absorbers are made up of a set of parts, including the shock absorber cups or strut mounts.
A shock absorber or damper is a mechanical or hydraulic device designed to absorb and damp shock impulses. It does this by converting the kinetic energy of the shock into another form of energy (typically heat) which is then dissipated. Most shock absorbers are a form of dashpot (a damper which resists motion via viscous friction).Pneumatic and hydraulic shock absorbers are used in conjunction with cushions and springs. An automobile shock absorber contains spring-loaded check valves and orifices to control the flow of oil through an internal piston (see below).
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Comrade Huang Junjun from Guangxi Plant Protection Station explained that local individual dealers account for 80% to 90% of the pesticide sales market. The pesticide sales market is fiercely competitive and the sales network is gradually sinking. Some powerful companies have strong alliances with large distributors in the market; distributors go to townships and villages to distribute goods.
Limei Fang from Hebei Plant Protection Station stated that the sales channel for pesticides forms its own sales network in the operating competition, and establishes a village-level joint-venture network for agricultural resources, which constitutes a county-village household sales network. For example, the Jiajia market in Zhangjiakou is a relatively large wholesale market for pesticides. Among them, there are 16 or so merchants engaged in the wholesale of pesticides, which almost monopolize the supply of pesticides in the city.
Liu Huihai, Shandong Plant Protection Station, said that self-employed individuals have grown and become the main players in the market by virtue of their flexible operating methods and lower operating costs. In particular, individual pesticide sales households in rural areas have been granted individual sales at municipal and county levels and some pesticide production. Strong support from manufacturers has gradually become the main channel for pesticide sales and is expected to play a greater role in future development. In addition, a chain sales network and a postal distribution business are organized for pesticide distribution groups and pesticide production companies.
Yu Shuqin of Anhui Plant Protection Station stated that large-scale pesticide production companies and pesticide distribution groups have become more and more common in the form of chain operations at the grassroots level. At present, there are many sales channels for pesticides, and there are many stores, and there are farms and businesses in every township.
One design consideration, when designing or choosing a shock absorber, is where that energy will go. In most shock absorbers, energy is converted to heat inside the viscous fluid. In hydraulic cylinders, the hydraulic fluid heats up, while in air cylinders, the hot air is usually exhausted to the atmosphere. In other types of shock absorbers, such as electromagnetic types, the dissipated energy can be stored and used later. In general terms, shock absorbers help cushion vehicles on uneven roads.
In a vehicle, shock absorbers reduce the effect of traveling over rough ground, leading to improved ride quality and vehicle handling. While shock absorbers serve the purpose of limiting excessive suspension movement, their intended sole purpose is to damp spring oscillations. Shock absorbers use valving of oil and gasses to absorb excess energy from the springs. Spring rates are chosen by the manufacturer based on the weight of the vehicle, loaded and unloaded. Some people use shocks to modify spring rates but this is not the correct use. Along with hysteresis in the tire itself, they damp the energy stored in the motion of the unsprung weight up and down. Effective wheel bounce damping may require tuning shocks to an optimal resistance.
Pesticide sales channels are mainly individual
At present, the distribution channels of pesticides are dominated by individual dealers, agricultural technology promotion, and sales patterns supplemented by agricultural resources and supply and marketing departments. This is the information that reporters learned when attending a national plant protection system work conference.