Experiment on improving the mineral processing technical index of Saishang Copper Mine

Saishitang copper mine is a copper, sulfur-based multi-metal sulphide deposits, the production process is 65% -74μm period of grinding, a rough election, sweep the election twice, three times selection; coarse mineral slurry pH8 One selected slurry pH10, second selected pH12, three selected pH 13~14; the pharmaceutical system uses lime as the pH adjuster, compound xanthate as the collector, and M2 as the auxiliary collector. Due to the large number of ore supply points, the ore properties vary greatly, resulting in unstable production technical indicators. Under normal circumstances, the ore grade is 0.80% to 1.30%, the copper concentrate grade is 15% to 20%, and the copper recovery rate is 75% to 90%. In 2007, the accumulated copper concentrate grade was 18.32%, and the copper recovery rate was 87.05%. Due to the instability of production technology indicators, the occurrence of tailings running high has occurred, resulting in serious copper metal loss. According to the previous research situation, combined with on-site investigation and analysis, it is considered that the on-site process flow is reasonable. The main problems are: (1) due to the large number of mining points, the mining depth is increased, the ore mineral types are more, and the mineral inlay relationship Complex, the nature of ore changes greatly, the existing pharmaceutical system is not perfect enough to meet the production requirements; (2) In order to ensure that the copper concentrate grade reaches 18% or more, the high-calcium operation is adopted for the selected operations, and the flotation slurry has a higher pH. , resulting in a portion of the copper minerals and pyrite, pyrrhotite is suppressed together. This project is aimed at the problems in on-site production, mainly from the perspective of research and application of new pharmaceuticals, so that the adopted pharmaceutical system can better adapt to the complex and variable nature of the ore on site, and appropriately reduce the pH value of the selected working pulp to improve the beneficiation. Technical indicators for the purpose of creating good economic benefits for enterprises.

First, the nature of the ore

Mineral ore to metal pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, followed magnetite, galena, sphalerite, a small amount of minerals and trace more types of white iron, bornite , copper ore, arsenopyrite, beryllium copper, blue copper, etc.; gangue minerals are mainly pyroxene, garnet, quartz and calcite , followed by feldspar , chlorite, epidote, mica , horn Amphibole and kaolin .

The metal mineral inlay relationship in the ore is more complicated. The size of chalcopyrite is mainly medium grain, and a small amount of chalcopyrite is embedded in gangue or pyrite in the form of fine granular, star-shaped and milk droplets. This part of mineral is difficult to achieve monomer dissociation. It is difficult to recover and lose in the tailings during the selection process, thus affecting the increase of copper recovery rate. In addition, copper chemical phase analysis shows that a small part of the copper minerals in the ore is oxidized, which is another reason that affects the increase of copper recovery. The results of multi-element chemical analysis of raw ore are shown in Table 1. The results of copper chemical phase analysis are shown in Table 2.

Second, mineral processing test research

(1) Test of rough selection conditions

Table 1 Multi-element chemical analysis results of ore

Table 2 Copper phase analysis results%

The copper recovery rate of the rough selection operation plays a decisive role in the final mineral processing technical index. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out in-depth and detailed research on various factors affecting the copper recovery rate of the rough selection operation. The rough selection test mainly includes the grinding fineness, the pulp pH value (lime pulping), the compound yellow drug dosage, the auxiliary collector selection and the dosage test.

1. Influence of grinding fineness on copper rough selection index

The grinding fineness test process and conditions are shown in Figure 1, and the test results are shown in Figure 2.

1-copper grade; 2-copper recovery rate;

It can be seen from Fig. 2 that as the fineness of grinding increases, the copper grade of coarse concentrate increases, and the copper recovery rate rises first, reaching the highest point when the fineness of grinding is 70%-74μm, and then gradually The decrease indicates that the over-grinding is not conducive to the improvement of the copper recovery rate, and in order to obtain a higher copper recovery rate, the grinding fineness is determined to be 70%-74 μm.

2. Influence of pulp pH value on copper rough selection index

Lime is used to adjust the pH value of the slurry. The grinding fineness is 70%-74μm. The test procedure and conditions of the pulp pH value are shown in Figure 1. The test results are shown in Figure 3.

It can be seen from Fig. 3 that with the increase of pulp pH, the copper grade of copper concentrate is gradually increased, and the copper recovery rate is decreasing. When the pH of the slurry is greater than 9, the copper recovery rate is especially obvious, indicating that the copper is higher when the slurry pH is higher. Minerals are strongly inhibited, so pulp pH 8 is preferred.

3. Effect of compound yellow medicinal amount on coarse selection index of copper

Grinding fineness is 70%-74μm, pulp pH value is 8. The test procedure and conditions of compound yellow drug dosage are shown in Figure 1. The test results are shown in Figure 4.

It can be seen from Fig. 4 that with the increase of the amount of compound yellow medicine, the copper recovery rate of copper coarse concentrate is gradually increased, and the copper grade is reduced accordingly, so the suitable compound yellow medicine amount is 60g/t.

4. Influence of auxiliary collector selection and dosage on copper rough selection index

The research investigated the selection effect of the collector yellow compound with M2, Z-200, butylammonium black, A6 and other auxiliary collectors on the Seshitang ore. The test procedure and conditions are shown in Figure 1 (grinding) The fineness of the ore is 70%-74 μm), and the test results are shown in Table 3. The test results show that A6 has strong recovery ability and good selectivity for copper sulfide minerals. It can be used in the Seshitang copper mine to obtain better mineral processing technical indicators. A6 is a kind of ester collector containing various esters. In the mixture, these collector molecules contain chelating groups, which can form insoluble hydrophobic chelates on the surface of copper minerals. Due to the synergistic effect of various pharmaceutical ingredients, A6 has strong selective harvesting ability. The results of the A6 dosage test are shown in Figure 5. As the amount of the test increases, the copper recovery rate increases significantly, but the copper grade decreases, and the appropriate amount of A6 is 30 g/t.

Table 3 Auxiliary collector selection test results%

(2) Selected main condition test

The main task of the selected experimental study is to ensure the copper recovery rate is as high as possible while ensuring that the copper concentrate grade is greater than 18%. In view of the high calcium operation in the on-site production selection operation, the copper sulfide minerals that are easily inhibited by lime are effectively recovered by adopting measures such as adding adjusting agents and lowering the pH value of the selected working pulp, so that the copper recovery rate is better. substantial improvement.

The selected condition test mainly includes the conditions of lime dosage, T-20 dosage and compound yellow medicine dosage. The influence of lime dosage and compound yellow dosage on the copper beneficiation index of selected operation is consistent with the results of rough selection conditions. The optimum dosage is lime 400g/t (pH9) and compound xanthate lOg/t. The T-20 dosage test was carried out under the conditions of 400 g/t of lime, 10 g/t of compound xanthate and 8 min of flotation time. The test procedure was a selective process. The effect of T-20 dosage on selected indicators is shown in Figure 6.

The T-20 dosage test results show that the use of lime and the adjuster T-20 can achieve better separation of copper and sulfur at the pH of the slurry. Compared with the lime alone, the copper concentrate grade and The recovery rate has been improved, and the appropriate amount of T-20 is 400g/t. T-20 is an inorganic regulator, non-toxic and harmless, soluble in water, and it is weakly acidic after hydrolysis. Therefore, the pH value of the slurry is reduced after use; T-20 has an activation effect on copper sulfide minerals. It can speed up the floating speed of copper sulfide minerals, and the dosage is not large, and the price is low. Through the selection of condition optimization experiments, it was determined that the selection conditions were: lime 400g/t, T-20 400g/t, composite xanthate 10g/t, pulp pH9.

(3) Closed circuit test

On the basis of the open-circuit condition optimization test, the closed-circuit test of the two schemes of on-site medicament and new medicament was carried out respectively. The closed-circuit test procedure is shown in Figure 7, and the test results are listed in Table 4.

Table 4 % of closed circuit test results

As can be seen from Table 4, the new pharmaceutical program has achieved better selection indicators. Compared with the on-site pharmaceutical program, the copper grade and recovery of copper concentrates increased by 0.99% and 3.92%, respectively.

(4) Industrial test

From the results of the closed-circuit test, it can be seen that in the case of 0.91% of the ore grade, a good technical index of copper concentrate 23.10% and a recovery rate of 95.35% can be obtained, and the on-site copper recovery rate is only 87.05% in 2007. . It can be seen from the theoretical point of view that the current on-site production technical indicators still have a large room for improvement. In order to verify the application of small-scale experimental research results in production, we conducted industrial tests at the Saishtang copper mine. The industrial test process is based on the addition of a closed-circuit test process, and the industrial test indicators are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Comparison of pre-test indicators and industrial test indicators

Industrial test results show that compared with the pre-test on-site production indicators, the industrial grades of copper concentrates increased by 1.08% and the copper recovery rate increased by 3.25%. It shows that the new pharmaceutical program has good adaptability to the Saishtang copper mine and can obtain good sorting effect.

Third, industrial production practices

After the new pharmacy is applied to the Seshitang copper ore beneficiation production, after one year of production operation, the production index is stable. In 2008, the copper concentrate grade reached 19.67%, the recovery rate reached 89.33%, and the copper concentrate grade and recovery rate of copper concentrate. Compared with the 2007 production indicators, they increased by 1.35% and 2.28% respectively.

Fourth, economic benefit analysis

After the new pharmacy is applied to the Sesangtang copper ore beneficiation production, the cost of the new pharmacy is equivalent to the cost of the old pharmacy. The new economic benefits are mainly due to the increase in copper recovery rate. The Saishtang Copper Mine treats 700,000 tons of raw ore annually, and the average grade of raw ore is 1%. The current copper concentrate is calculated according to the metal of 50,000 yuan/t. After the new chemical is applied to industrial production, the annual economic benefits due to the increase of copper recovery rate. About 7.98 million yuan.

V. Conclusion

(1) The Saishang copper mine is a polymetallic sulfide ore mainly composed of copper and sulfur. Due to the variety of ore minerals, the complex relationship of mineral inlays, and the lack of perfection of the on-site pharmaceutical system, the production technical indicators are not ideal. It is necessary to seek a more reasonable pharmacy program to achieve the purpose of further improving the mineral processing index and the economic benefits of the mine.

(2) Under the premise of not changing the on-site production process, use lime as the pH adjuster, compound xanthate as the collector, A6 as the capture foaming agent, and select the additive T-20, and appropriately reduce the fineness. Selecting the pH value of the slurry to reduce the inhibition of copper sulfide minerals in high alkali medium, and obtaining good technical indexes in both small and industrial tests. The industrial test indicators are compared with the pre-test on-site production indicators. The grade increased by 1.08% and the copper recovery rate increased by 3.25%.

(3) Industrial production practice shows that in 2008, the copper concentrate grade reached 19.67% and the recovery rate reached 89.33%. Compared with the 2007 production technical indicators, the copper concentrate grade increased by 1.35% and the recovery rate increased by 2.28%. It shows that the new process and new process plan has good adaptability to the Saishtang copper mine and can obtain good selection indicators. However, there is still a big gap between this result and the results of small-scale experimental research. In-depth research should be conducted in conjunction with the site conditions to further improve the on-site production indicators.

(4) After the new pharmaceutical new technology is applied to industrial production, the economic benefits are significantly improved. Without increasing the production of mineral processing chemicals, the economic efficiency of the copper recycling rate is about 7.98 million yuan.

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