I. Introduction Calcium magnesium dolomite is an important resource on earth, in our country we have a very rich reserves. The main producing areas are in Shandong, Liaoning, Shanxi, Hebei and the two lakes. Dolomite is mainly composed of dolomite [CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ] as the main component of carbonate rock. In the process of formation, due to different geological processes and environmental influences, some calcite , clay minerals, vermiculite , etc. are often mixed. magnesite and other impurities, sometimes containing gypsum, anhydrite, celestite, barite, pyrite and organic matter. It is a very versatile non-metallic minerals. Second, the development and application of the dolomite series products (1) Metallurgical industry 1. Magnesium industry The ore size is 30-120mm dolomite is an important raw material for the production of magnesium metal. Its smelting methods are mainly divided into two categories, namely electrolysis and silicon thermal reduction. The electrolysis process has complex process, high investment, slow plant construction, high power consumption, and the by-product is chlorine gas, which is easy to cause environmental pollution. Only when mass production can obtain economic benefits, so small magnesium plants should not adopt this method; silicon thermal reduction method It is divided into semi-continuous method, internal heat method and Pijiang method. Although the semi-continuous method and the internal heat method have large production capacity of single equipment, the operation power consumption is high, and the process technology needs to be improved. The Pijiang method is to calcine the dolomite and mix it with ferrosilicon and fluorite to form a ball. It is heated in a vacuum furnace at 1100 ° C to reduce magnesium vapor and other substances. The magnesium vapor is cooled and recovered and cast into a magnesium ingot. At present, in China, the smelting of magnesium metal is generally carried out by the silicon thermal reduction method. The magnesium produced by this method accounts for 20% of the metal magnesium production. In this method, the magnesium yield is consistent with the activity of the calcined dolomite, and the activity of the calcined dolomite is in combination with the content of MgO, CaO, SiO 2 of the dolomite, the optimum calcination temperature, time, and storage. The length of time is related. 2. Refractory materials As one of the important raw materials for alkaline refractories, dolomite is second only to magnesite, mainly used in steelmaking converter lining, open hearth furnace, electric furnace wall, and secondly used in furnace refining equipment and cement kiln. Equipment. Dolomite can produce dolomite brick series (currently there are conventional dolomite brick, zirconium dolomite brick, zirconium magnesium dolomite brick, etc.), fused dolomite carbon brick and fused magnesium dolomite carbon brick. The results of the latter two indicate that the fused dolomite carbon bricks are better than the sintered synthetic magnesium dolomite carbon bricks, and are similar to the magnesia carbon bricks. In addition, when high-purity dolomite is added to iron ore for calcination of tar dolomite bricks, the life of the furnace can be significantly improved by spraying the dolomite spray material. For example, in Japan, the method of spraying can increase the furnace age to several thousand furnaces to 10,000 furnaces, while the large furnace consumes 25 to 50 kilograms of spray-grade dolomite per year. In the cement rotary kiln, compared with the magnesium spinel brick and the magnesia chrome brick, the dolomite brick series is more suitable for the high temperature sintering belt lining. However, as a refractory material, dolomite bricks are susceptible to hydration and their use and performance. Therefore, in the sand making and brick making, a process which is favorable for improving the hydration resistance is often adopted, for example, a two-step calcination method is adopted, and a dolomite sand having a lower sintering temperature and a higher density is obtained by a mechanical and additive activation method. . Therefore, the current sand making process is developing in the direction of fused and high-purity sintered sand and synthetic sand. It has also been reported that the hydration resistance of the directly bonded dolomite bricks is four times higher than that of the asphalt composite bricks, and the fired bricks can further improve the hydration resistance after being impregnated with the asphalt. 3. Iron-making blast furnace plugging material According to reports, WISCO once used dolomite with a ore size of 0-30 mm as a plugging material for blast furnace iron water holes. If the 0 to 30mm dolomite burnt white is used as the plugging material for the iron slag of the steelmaking blast furnace, the effect is better than that of the direct plugging material for the molten iron hole. The selling price is about 1000 yuan/t, which has a good prospect. (2) Chemical industry 1. Production of magnesium carbonate The chemical composition (%) of dolomite required for the production of magnesium carbonate is as follows: MgO>18, CaO>29, SiO 2 <4, and there is no certain requirement for the content of K 2 O, Na 2 O and acid insoluble matter. At present, there are mainly three kinds of magnesium carbonate produced: light magnesium carbonate, light spherical magnesium carbonate, and light transparent magnesium carbonate. (1) Production and application of light magnesium carbonate. In the industrial production of light magnesium carbonate, there are mainly three production methods due to the use of raw materials: dolomite carbonization, brine carbonization, ammonium sulfate conversion. Due to the wide distribution of dolomite ore, large reserves, low cost, easy production control, and superior product quality, the current production of light magnesium carbonate by dolomite carbonization is widely used in China. This product is a basic raw material for inorganic chemicals. It is mainly used in the manufacture of magnesium salts , magnesium oxide, elemental magnesium, fireproof materials, printing inks, ceramics, household chemicals, rubber products fillers and reinforcing agents. It can also be used in shipbuilding, boilers, Steelmaking, glass, pigments, pharmaceuticals and other industries. (2) Production and application of lightweight spherical magnesium carbonate. Lightweight spherical magnesium carbonate, also known as spherical magnesium carbonate, is mainly prepared by using soluble magnesium salt and carbonate as raw materials, and its production cost is relatively high due to high raw material price. To this end, dolomite can be used as a raw material to produce spherical magnesium carbonate. It has good filling, dispersibility and fluidity, can improve the tensile strength and wear resistance of rubber. It is an excellent filler and reinforcing agent for rubber, plastic and other products. It can also be used as paint, paint, toothpaste and cosmetics. And fillers for industries such as medicine. (3) Production and application of light transparent magnesium carbonate. Light transparent magnesium carbonate, also known as transparent magnesium carbonate, is mainly characterized by fine particles and uniform particle size. It is a fine inorganic chemical product. It is mainly used as a transparent inorganic chemical product except for paints, coatings, inks as additives and toothpaste, medicine, cosmetics, etc. Or a filling reinforcement for light-colored rubber products. 2. Production of magnesium oxide Magnesium oxide is widely used in rubber, enamel, wire and cable industries, etc. as a filler. In addition, magnesium oxide is also an indispensable refractory material. At present, the new process for extracting magnesia from dolomite in China is the dolomite circulation method. In addition, the production process and method for preparing special silicon steel grade magnesia with dolomite as the main raw material has also been developed. 3. Production of magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate crystals (MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O), also known as diarrhea salts, are used in medicine, agriculture, cement, printing and dyeing, and food. At present, the magnesium sulphate industry is developing rapidly in the world, mainly through the production of MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O by bitter extract or sun-bathing in the sea. It also uses dolomite as a raw material to prepare MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O crystal by sulfuric acid method. Report. By using magnesium dolomite to obtain magnesium sulfate, not only a crystal of magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) but also a by-product CaSO 4 ·H 2 O can be obtained. 4. Production of magnesium hydroxide The production of magnesium hydroxide, in addition to the intermediate process for the production of magnesium oxide, can also be obtained by dolomite amination or acid decomposition of dolomite. 5. Production of dolomite powder Dolomite is selected as a dolomite powder after being sorted, crushed and ground to 325~1250 mesh. Dolomite powder is added to natural rubber and synthetic rubber, and its rubber properties are basically the same as those of adding light calcium powder, but the cost is lower than that of light calcium powder. The use of dolomite to produce rubber universal calcium magnesium powder, as a new type of filler and colorant, can partially or completely replace light calcium powder and lithopone. The surface-modified dolomite powder can greatly enhance the reinforcing performance of the rubber product. The modified dolomite powder is surface-coated with a surface modifier for dolomite powder and then used as a filler. Surface modifiers commonly stearic acid or lipid, fat titanate, aluminum zirconate acid resin, a silane coupling agent. The purpose of the modification is to change the surface alkalinity of the dolomite powder, overcome the bonding property between the filler and the rubber, reduce the shrinkage and internal stress, prevent the crack from spreading, and improve the processing property of the product strength. 6. Production of nanometer calcium carbonate coated dolomite powder The nanometer calcium carbonate is coated with dolomite, and the nanometer calcium carbonate is a surface modifier, which can passivate the sharp edges and corners formed by the mechanical crushing of the dolomite, and at the same time make the flat crystal cleavage surface become rough and the roughness is large. The plane can reduce the contact angle and is also more easily infiltrated by the coupling agent, thereby tending to form a good interfacial bond with the polymer matrix; for nano-calcium carbonate, it is tightly coated on the micron scale. The surface of the particle has an overall scale of micron, so there is no dispersion problem, and the whole particle is a solid core. There is no void like the agglomerate, which reduces the occurrence of defects. The nano-coated particles have the advantage of calcium carbonate, which can broaden the other. The use of dark-colored powders; since the surface-coated calcium carbonate is nano-scale, the specific surface area of ​​the coated particles is greatly improved, and the surface energy and chemical activity of the particles are improved, so that the inorganic filler particles and organic particles are high. Molecules can bond better and form a good interface. (3) Building materials industry 1. Development of magnesium cementitious materials The main raw material of the magnesium cementitious material is MgO, which is produced by using magnesite as a raw material. Nowadays people are considering the use of dolomite instead of magnesite to produce MgO. Dolomite (CaMg[CO 3 ] 2 ) is a double salt composed of CaCO 3 and MgCO 3 . When calcined at about 790 ° C, MgO can be decomposed, and CaCO 3 does not decompose. The decomposed MgO is used as a raw material of the cementitious material, and CaCO 3 acts as a chemical-imparting filler, so that the harmful component CaO does not appear. Then, the active MgO and the MgCl 2 aqueous solution are mixed and stirred to form a magnesium oxychloride cement product having high strength. The manufacture of magnesium oxychloride cement is another important use of dolomite. This magnesium-containing cement has good properties of compression resistance, flexural strength and corrosion resistance. In particular, the caustic powder prepared by flame-extinguishing dolomite is used, and the prepared magnesium oxychloride cement is more stable. Magnesium-containing cement has been widely used for floorboards, rapid solidification pavement paving, and repair of pavement cracks. In addition, after calcining dolomite to form caustic dolomite, it can also be processed into magnesium hydroxide cement and magnesium sulfate cement. These two non-hydraulic cementing materials have the advantages of simple production process, fast setting and hardening, high strength, strong bonding force, good elasticity, wear resistance, convenient molding, low energy consumption, etc., and have high development and use value. It can be used to produce plastering mortar, concrete, wood-like magnesite products (sawed wood, particleboard, baffles, insulation panels) and artificial marble, especially for the damage, cracks and spalling of cemented organic materials and filled cement products. . The magnesite floor tile has the elasticity, toughness and thermal insulation property of the wooden floor, and can be fireproof, anti-mite, good in water resistance, no cracking, and low in price. It is made of magnesium cement (magnesium or magnesium sulfate solution mixed with caustic dolomite powder) as a binder, and then added some fillers. Incorporated in the magnesium cement, 10% to 20% additives (red shale, coal ash powder, talc or dolomite), magnesite brick can be easily overcome warpage, moisture absorption surface back to halogen and other ills, products It is widely used in the ground, wall and cylinder of industrial plants, public buildings and civil buildings. In recent years, with the continuous development of the construction industry, the development and application of siliceous dolomite has been promoted. Dolomite has not only become the main mineral raw material of artificial marble and water mill (light) stone, but also some dolomite with compact structure and fine texture has been developed rapidly as decorative material and craft material. It is reported that the magnesia composite material fired from high-quality dolomite is further processed into new decorative materials such as floor tiles, wall bricks and plates, which are light in weight, strong in strength, anti-aging, beautiful and so on. It is deeply favored by people. Decorative railings and decorations made of dolomite as the main material are also very popular. 2. Application in glass production (1) Production of glass Dolomite and limestone are the third largest components of glass raw materials except silica sand and soda. In the production of bottle glass, soda ash is the most expensive component. Adding limestone can partially replace soda ash, but it will have adverse effects, and the introduction of magnesium oxide in dolomite can further reduce the cost. Dolomite can also provide calcium oxide in the glass industry, adding a soda-grey-silice system to act as a flux. In addition, dolomite can reduce the aging of glass, prevent chemical erosion caused by the atmosphere or water, improve the plasticity of colored glass, and increase the strength of glass. Adding a certain amount of dolomite powder to the glass can effectively reduce the high temperature viscosity of the glass and improve the chemical stability and mechanical strength of the product. Practice has also shown that the introduction of dolomite powder in the preparation of low-temperature ceramics and float glass can significantly save energy and obtain good social and economic benefits. The quality requirements for dolomite for glass and ceramics are generally: MgO ≥ 19%, CaO ≥ 26%, Al 2 O 3 <1%, and Fe 2 O 3 < 0.2%. (2) Production of glass ceramics Gold tailings, dolomite and other raw materials, Cr 2 O 3 is a nucleating agent, made of glass-ceramics and cast stone plate products, its performance indicators are better than natural marble and granite , suitable for building materials, chemical resistance Corrosive materials or wear-resistant materials for metallurgy and mining industries have opened up an effective way to solve environmental pollution problems. 3. Application in ceramic production Dolomite is used in the billet and glaze, and MgO and CaCO 3 components are introduced to replace talc and calcite. The role of MgO is to change the composition of the mixing system, thereby reducing the firing temperature of the body; promoting the dissolution of quartz and the formation of mullite, increasing the amount of quartz, reducing the amount of feldspar , thereby increasing the transparency of the body. Adding dolomite to the glaze is less flammable than glaze with added calcite, and crystallization is rare. The dolomite is caused by double salt minerals. A dolomitic limestone mixture of dolomite and marl can be used to prepare anorthite and diopside - wollastonite clinker, which is suitable for fast-fired porcelain. This clinker cost is lower than the separately synthesized calcium-magnesium compound in the manufacture of wall tiles and fine ceramics. (4) Other industries 1. Application in agriculture Used to neutralize the acidity in the soil. Due to the long-term use of urea, the fertilizer is easy to cause the soil to be acidic. Therefore, dolomite can be directly added to the urea to maintain the proper pH value of the soil, generally increasing the crop yield by 15% to 40%, and improving the efficacy of the herbicide. The herbicide has the best effect when the pH is 6.0-6.2. Dolomite can also compensate for the loss of magnesium in the soil. The dolomite particles from 1.2 to 0.8 um can flow freely. The filler used as fertilizer can improve the conditions for the use of soil nutrients, reduce agglomeration and facilitate the adjustment of fertilizer ratio. With the development of the magnesium smelting industry, more and more tailings slags occupy the cultivated land and increase the environmental load. How to comprehensively utilize this part of the resources, we have found a better way out, that is, the tail after smelting metal magnesium with dolomite The mine produces magnesium-potassium multi-component fertilizer. Further, it is reported, can also be used instead of serpentine dolomite calcium and magnesium phosphate fertilizer production. 2. Application in environmental protection Dolomite fine powder can be used to improve the flying of dust in coal mines and prevent and delay coal dust explosion. Dolomite powder is used as a filter material for water treatment, especially for neutralization from drinking water to industrial water, swimming pool water, etc., as well as iron, manganese , silicate and other uses. Research in this area is in progress. 3. Application in livestock and poultry feed Calcium and magnesium are essential nutrients in animals. Adding proper amount of dolomite powder (or 0.1-1.5mm particles) to livestock and poultry feed is very beneficial for promoting animal growth and development and reducing disease. It is worth noting that when developing and utilizing dolomite, it is necessary to strictly control the content of harmful elements. The specific requirements are as follows: Pb ≤ 30PPM, AS ≤ 10PPM; Hg ≤ 0.1PPM, F ≤ 2000PPM, acid insoluble matter ≤ 5%, -2mm magnetic metal particles ≯ 0.8%. 4, for livestock and poultry disinfectant Dolomite, which has a wide range of uses, has been researched by the Research Group of the Department of Agronomy of the University of Tottori, Japan, to develop new materials that have significant preventive effects against influenza viruses. The dolomite of this study was provided by the company, and the researchers found that the new materials they developed were put together with the avian flu virus to make a 0.6% solution. After shaking for 10 minutes, the virus number will be reduced to the original one. Less than 100,000. This new material also has a significant killing effect on other viruses, and the mask is made of this new material to protect against foreign viruses. 5, paint After the usual water selection, drying, pulverization, grinding, grading and other processes, chemical treatment, Surface Treatment, pH adjustment, rinsing and other processes are used to obtain new body pigments. It has stable chemical composition, weather resistance, anti-sinking, fine powder, easy dispersion, high whiteness, low cost, unique process and many other advantages, and can be used in various paints. The produced coating has the characteristics of reducing the amount of titanium dioxide, high hardness, good hand feeling, good flu, strong adhesion, and the application effect is better than that of heavy calcium carbonate. Third, the conclusion In summary, dolomite is a non-metallic mineral resource that can be developed and utilized in many ways. With the development of modern science and technology, the development and application of dolomite has penetrated into various fields of social development and become a kind of Mineral resources of great economic value. Empty glass container is for bulk Glass Bottle, bulk glass jar, clear glass bottle, amber glass bottle and glass spray bottle. We also have some glass jar with lid and glass bottle with pump. Our glass package has high classical value, it can enhance your products luxury. The Large Glass Bottle and mini glass jar can be sprayed with black glass bottle, green glass bottle, and so on. Usually we use it for fragrance, essence oil and cream packaging. Clear and color with surface treatment inside spray, laser after plating with better quality to achieve a best package solution. The factory also does 3D drawing, 2D drawing, graphic creating, surface treatment and quality inspection in house. So all of the glass finished goods will be satisfied with client's requirements before shipping out. Glass Bottle Empty Glass Bottle,Glass Bottle,Small Square Glass Bottle,Diamond Glass Bottle DongGuan LongTen package Products Co. Ltd , https://www.longtenpack.com
